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为探明施肥处理对雷竹林土壤真菌群落特征的影响,采用末端限制性片段长度多态性(T-RFLP)和荧光定量PCR技术,分析有机肥(M)、化肥(CF)、化肥配施有机肥(CFM)、化肥配施有机肥加覆盖(CFMM)及不施肥(CK)处理土壤真菌群落结构和数量特征.结果表明:施肥显著影响真菌群落结构与多样性,表层(0~20 cm)土壤中M、CFMM处理与CK,亚表层(20~40 cm)土壤中CF、CFMM处理与CK之间真菌群落结构均存在明显差异;且表层土壤中CF、CFMM处理真菌Shannon指数和均匀度指数显著低于CK.M、CFM处理表层土壤真菌数量显著高于CK.土壤有机质、全氮、铵态氮和速效钾含量显著影响了真菌群落结构的变异;全氮、铵态氮、硝态氮含量与真菌数量均呈显著正相关.表明雷竹林表层和亚表层土壤中真菌群落对施肥处理的响应存在明显差异,表层土壤真菌群落明显受有机质添加的影响,而亚表层则对化肥投入较为敏感;施肥对真菌群落多样性的影响主要集中在表层土壤.
In order to investigate the effects of fertilization on the fungal community characteristics of Phyllostachys praecox, the effects of organic fertilizer (M), chemical fertilizer (CF) and chemical fertilizer on the fungal communities were analyzed by T-RFLP and fluorescence quantitative PCR (CFM) and fertilization with organic manure (CFMM) and no fertilization (CK). The results showed that fertilization significantly affected the structure and diversity of fungal communities, the surface layer (0-20 cm ) There were significant differences in fungal communities between M, CFMM and CK, sub-surface layer (20 ~ 40 cm) soil and between CK and CF, and Shannon’s index and evenness of CF, CFMM treated surface soil The index of soil fungi was significantly higher than that of CK in CFM treatment. The content of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and available potassium significantly affected the variation of fungal community structure. The contents of total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and nitrate There was a significant positive correlation between nitrogen content and the number of fungi.The results showed that there was a significant difference in the response of fungal community to fertilization in the surface and subsurface soils of Phyllostachys praecox but significantly affected by the addition of organic matter in the surface soils Sensitive; fertilization on community diversity of fungi are mainly concentrated in the topsoil.