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维特根斯坦是20世纪最有影响的哲学家之一,其开创了日常语言哲学。而更引人注目的是在他后期的主要著作《哲学研究》中,更是对他自己的早期带有逻辑原子主义的思想进行了深刻而又全面的批判。传统上对于《哲学研究》的阐释似乎更偏向于其中反对形而上学,特别是通过私人语言论证反对笛卡尔式的传统形而上学。但从更深的层次来看,维特根斯坦的私人语言论证的主要目的似乎并非批判笛卡尔的形而上学并治疗形而上学带来的哲学病,而另有深意。
Wittgenstein was one of the most influential philosophers of the twentieth century, pioneering everyday language philosophy. What is even more remarkable is that in his later major book, “Philosophical Studies,” he even made a profound and comprehensive critique of his own earlier thought of logical atomism. Traditionally, the interpretation of “philosophical research” seems to be more biased against the metaphysics among them, especially against the Cartesian traditional metaphysics through private language argument. At a deeper level, however, Wittgenstein’s private language argument does not seem to have the main purpose of critiquing Descartes metaphysics and treating the philosophical metaphysics brought about by metaphysics, but has other implications.