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为提高波纹管的成形质量以及合理选取胀形工艺参数,基于有限元分析软件ABAQUS模拟304不锈钢双层波纹管液压胀形过程,并利用实验验证了有限元模型的正确性。基于建立的模型,研究了内压力、模具行程、挤压速度和加载路径对波纹管成形的影响。结果表明,影响双层波纹管液压胀形壁厚减薄和波高的主要工艺参数为内压力和模具行程;随着内压力和模具行程的增大,最大壁厚减薄率和波高均线性增大,且内外层壁厚差值增大;过大的内压和挤压速度会导致波高不均匀性增大;降低起波阶段内压力及在成形初期施加轴向进给的加载路径有利于减小波纹管的减薄率。最后,通过双层波纹管的液压胀形实验验证了数值模拟的正确性。
In order to improve the forming quality of bellows and to select the bulging parameters reasonably, the finite element analysis software ABAQUS was used to simulate the hydraulic bulging process of 304 stainless steel double bellows. The correctness of the finite element model was verified by experiments. Based on the established model, the influence of internal pressure, die stroke, extrusion speed and loading path on the forming of bellows was studied. The results show that the main process parameters influencing the wall thickness thinning and wave height of the double bellows are the internal pressure and the die stroke. With the increase of the internal pressure and the die stroke, the maximum wall thickness thinning rate and wave height average linear increase Large, and the difference between the inner and outer wall thickness increases; too much internal pressure and extrusion speed will lead to uneven wave height increases; reduce the pressure during the wave stage and the axial load in the early stage of the loading path is conducive to Reduce the rate of bellows thinning. Finally, the numerical simulation is verified by the hydraulic bulging experiment of double-layer corrugated pipe.