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马克思在分析扩大再生产的时候说:“如果生产场所扩大了,就是在外延上扩大,如果生产资料效率提高了,就是在内含上扩大。”(《马克思恩格斯全集》第24卷192页)这里,马克思指出了扩大再生产的两种类型,即外延的扩大再生产和内含的扩大再生产。根据马克思的理论,所谓外延的扩大再生产,是指单纯依靠增加基本建设投资,上新项目,铺新摊子,以扩大生产规模;所谓内含的扩大再生产,是指依靠生产技术的进步,提高劳动效率,以扩大生产规模。在生产过程中,活劳动和物化劳动效率的提高,意味着生产产品的活劳动
In analysing the expansion of reproduction, Marx said: “If the production site expands, it expands on the extension. If the efficiency of the means of production increases, it expands on the inside.” (The Complete Works of Marx and Engels, Vol. 24, p. 192) Marx pointed out two types of expanded reproduction, namely, the expansion and reproduction of extension and the expanded reproduction contained in it. According to Marx’s theory, the so-called “extended expansionary reproduction” means simply relying on increasing investment in capital construction, launching new projects, spreading new stalls, and expanding production scale; the so-called “enlarged reproduction” refers to the improvement of labor based on the progress of production technology. Efficiency to expand production scale. In the production process, the improvement of the efficiency of living labor and materialized labor means the living labor of producing products.