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印度国的面积约3300000km~2,人口9.98亿(1999年),1999年人均GDP450美元,是南亚大国。1947年独立后,所执行的政策是以广大的国内市场为背景,限制外国资本进入,保护国内产业发展的替代进口的经济模式,经济上虽有发展,但进展不快。九十年代初苏联解体和海湾战争的爆发,曾在1991年导致了深刻的经济危机。之后,印度政府实行了放松管制,积极引进外资等经济结构改革措施,近年来经济发展速度GDP年增长率达到了5％～7％。 由于经济规模的急速扩大,因而对电力、运输、通信等社会基础设施的需求也越来越大,其滞后作用明显,已经成为阻碍经济更快发展的主要因素。为此近年印度政府为社会基础
India has an area of 3300000 km2 and a population of 998 million (1999). In 1999, the per capita GDP was 450 U.S. dollars, making it a big power in South Asia. After its independence in 1947, the policy it implemented was an economic model based on the vast domestic market and restricted the entry of foreign capitals and protected the development of domestic industries. Although the economy was developing, its progress was not satisfactory. The outbreak of the Soviet Union and the Gulf War in the early 1990s led to a profound economic crisis in 1991. Since then, the Indian government has implemented deregulation and actively introduced foreign economic restructuring measures. In recent years, its annual economic growth rate has reached 5% -7% annual growth rate. Due to the rapid expansion of the economy, the demand for social infrastructure such as electricity, transportation and communications is also growing. The obvious lagging effect has become a major factor hindering the faster economic growth. In recent years, the Indian government as a social basis