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目的分析2010-2014年张家港市急性乙肝的构成变化及流行病学特征,为乙肝的防控工作提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对5年的急性乙肝个案资料进行统计分析。结果 5年中急性乙肝发病率总体呈上升趋势,年均发病率2.22/10万;急性乙肝发病构成比呈上升趋势;预测2015年报告发病率为2.86/10万;乙肝抗HBc-Ig M1∶1 000检测可提高急性乙肝的诊断准确率;发病无明显季节性,各镇均有发病,男女性别比为3.04∶1,男性高于女性;发病以农民(占50%)、工人(占20.69%)为主,发病年龄以20~60岁为主,其中20~39岁的人群发病率最高。结论急性乙肝发病低于全国平均水平(4.70/10万),但有上升趋势,急性乙肝的防控工作要引起关注。乙肝抗HBc Ig M 1∶1 000监测可以规范乙肝的疫情报告,提高乙肝报告准确率,准确分析疫情,制订防控措施。做好宣传、提高成人乙肝苗接种率和加强高危人群的免疫接种是进一步降低急性乙肝发病率的主要措施。
Objective To analyze the constitutional changes and epidemiological characteristics of acute hepatitis B in Zhangjiagang City from 2010 to 2014 so as to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of hepatitis B. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze 5-year acute hepatitis B data. Results The incidence of acute hepatitis B in 5 years showed an overall upward trend with an average annual incidence of 2.22 / 100 000. The incidence of acute hepatitis B increased with an increase of 2.86 / 100 000. The incidence of hepatitis B anti-HBc-Ig M1: 1 000 test can improve the diagnostic accuracy rate of acute hepatitis B; incidence no obvious seasonal disease in all towns, the sex ratio of men and women was 3.04: 1, males were higher than females; incidence of peasants (50%), workers %), The age of onset to 20 to 60-year-old, of which 20 to 39-year-old population the highest incidence. Conclusions The incidence of acute hepatitis B is lower than the national average (4.70 / 100000), but there is an upward trend. The prevention and control of acute hepatitis B should pay attention. Hepatitis B anti-HBc Ig M 1: 1 000 monitoring can standardize the hepatitis B epidemic report, improve the accuracy of hepatitis B reporting, accurate analysis of the outbreak, the development of prevention and control measures. Do advocacy, raising adult hepatitis B vaccine coverage and strengthening the immunization of high-risk groups is to further reduce the incidence of acute hepatitis B major measures.