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(一)前言连杆螺栓、缸盖螺栓、主轴承盖螺栓等是汽车的重要基础零件之一。它们主要承受轴向交变载荷,要求具有较高的疲劳强度。提高这类螺栓联接件的寿命,对提高汽车质量具有重要意义。欲提高螺栓联接件的寿命,除了采用合理的结构设计、先进的加工工艺和高强度材料外,改进装配工艺,加强对予紧力的控制也是极为重要的措施之一。这方面,国外进行了大量的工作。但是,国内往往忽视了螺栓的装配工艺,不注意拧紧力矩系数的管理,予紧力的选择也缺乏试验依据。这样,就使得一些螺栓产生松动或早期损坏。第二汽车厂生产的 EQ—240汽车6100发动机也曾出现过连杆螺栓、主轴承盖螺栓的疲劳
(A) Foreword Connecting rod bolts, cylinder head bolts, bolts and other main bearing cap is one of the important basic parts of the car. They mainly bear axial alternating load, require high fatigue strength. Improve the life of such bolt joints, to improve the quality of the car is of great significance. To improve the life of bolted joints, in addition to reasonable structural design, advanced processing technology and high-strength materials, improving the assembly process and strengthening the pre-stress control is also one of the most important measures. In this regard, a great deal of work has been done abroad. However, the domestic often overlooked the assembly process of the bolts, do not pay attention to the management of the tightening torque coefficient, the lack of test basis for the selection of the tightening force. In this way, some bolts are loosened or damaged early. The second car factory produced EQ-240 car 6100 engine has also appeared connecting rod bolts, the main bearing cap bolts fatigue