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在单点渐进成形中,成形力对板料的成形精度和成形极限有重要影响。本文在分析金属板料单点渐进成形原理的基础上,应用ABAQUS有限元数值分析软件建立了有限元模型并进行了仿真,根据仿真结果分析了金属板料单点渐进成形过程中成形力的变化规律。结果表明:在板料成形过程中,成形力的大小随着成形时间的增加而逐渐增大,然后趋于稳定状态。探讨了工具头直径、层间距、主轴转速对成形力的影响规律,研究结果表明:在单因素变化的条件下,工具头直径越大,轴向力越大;层间距越大,轴向力越大;主轴转速越小,轴向力越大。按照仿真条件,进行了板料单点渐进成形试验,将仿真结果和试验结果进行了对比分析,得出仿真结果和试验结果的变化趋势是一致的,验证了有限元仿真的正确性。由于试验的误差因素,仿真结果和试验结果存在最大9%的误差值。
In single-point progressive forming, the forming force has an important influence on the forming accuracy and forming limit of the sheet metal. Based on the analysis of single point incremental forming principle of sheet metal, a finite element model was established and simulated by using ABAQUS finite element numerical analysis software. According to the simulation results, the change of forming force during single point incremental forming of sheet metal was analyzed law. The results show that during the forming process of sheet metal, the forming force gradually increases with the increase of forming time, and then tends to be stable. The effects of tool head diameter, layer spacing and spindle speed on the forming force were discussed. The results show that under the condition of single factor variation, the larger the tool head diameter, the larger the axial force. The larger the layer spacing, the larger the axial force The larger the smaller the spindle speed, the greater the axial force. According to the simulation conditions, a single point progressive forming test was carried out. The simulation results and the test results were compared and analyzed, and the trend of the simulation results and test results was consistent. The correctness of the finite element simulation was verified. Due to the error factor of the experiment, there is a maximum error of 9% between the simulation result and the test result.