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[目的]了解南通市小学生单纯性肥胖的流行情况,探讨影响儿童肥胖的相关因素。[方法]采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,收集南通市区及所辖市县1～6年级7所小学15972名小学生身高、体重资料,并对肥胖相关影响因素进行多因素Logistic回归分析。[结果]南通市小学生超重检出率为8.40%,肥胖检出率为4.77%,其中城镇肥胖率为5.76%(男7.75%,女3.32%),乡村肥胖率为3.42%(男4.31%,女2.35%),城镇小学生肥胖率高于乡村小学生(P﹤0.001)。无论城市或乡村小学生男生肥胖率均高于女生(P﹤0.01)。南通市小学生单纯性肥胖危险因素有:父亲超重肥胖,母亲超重肥胖,家庭人均月收入高,出生体重﹥4kg,食欲好,进食速度快,常吃甜饮料。保护因素有:母亲文化程度是大学或以上文化,经常进行户外活动。[结论]南通市小学生肥胖发生与环境因素与遗传因素关系密切,提示在小学阶段采取健康教育、运动锻炼及饮食调整等综合措施方面进行干预,为成年后的生命质量奠定良好的基础。
[Objective] To understand the prevalence of simple obesity among primary school students in Nantong and to explore the relevant factors that affect childhood obesity. [Methods] The stratified cluster random sampling method was used to collect the height and weight data of 15972 primary school students from 7 primary schools in grades 1 to 6 of Nantong City and its counties. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed on the factors related to obesity. [Results] The detection rate of overweight among pupils in Nantong was 8.40%, and the detection rate of obesity was 4.77%, among which the rates of obesity in urban areas were 5.76% (male 7.75%, female 3.32%), rural obesity 3.42% (male 4.31% Female 2.35%). The prevalence of obesity in urban primary school children was higher than that of rural primary school children (P <0.001). The obesity rate of boys in urban or rural areas was higher than that of girls (P <0.01). Nantong pupils simple obesity risk factors are: fat father overweight, overweight and obese mothers, the average monthly household income, birth weight> 4kg, good appetite, eating fast, eat sweet drinks. Protection factors are: mother’s education level is college or above, often for outdoor activities. [Conclusion] The incidence of obesity among pupils in Nantong City is closely related to the environmental factors and genetic factors. It suggests that intervention should be made in comprehensive measures such as health education, exercise training and diet adjustment in primary school so as to lay a good foundation for the quality of life after adulthood.