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利用35年生白桦、落叶松纯林土壤分别栽植白桦、落叶松1年生苗木,通过对苗木生长、生物量、叶片养分及土壤养分变化的研究,对两种土壤的肥力进行评价,探讨白桦、落叶松混交林种间互作机制.结果表明:白桦纯林土壤全氮、碱解氮含量显著高于落叶松纯林土壤(P<0.05),落叶松纯林土壤全磷、全钾、速效磷含量显著高于白桦纯林土壤(P<0.05).盆栽第1年,白桦纯林土壤上的白桦苗木苗高、地径和生物量分别比在落叶松纯林土壤上增加69%、52%和65%(P<0.05),落叶松苗木分别增加12%、8%和37%(P>0.05).以白桦纯林土壤为基质时,白桦、落叶松苗木叶片氮浓度高于落叶松纯林土壤,而磷浓度低于落叶松纯林土壤.白桦凋落量大且分解速度快,落叶松对土壤磷具有活化作用,导致白桦纯林土壤氮素有效性较高,落叶松纯林土壤有效磷含量较高.推测两树种混交时,土壤氮、磷的互补作用可能对林分产量产生有益的作用.
By using 35-year-old birch and pure larch soils, one-year-old birch and larch seedlings were planted. The fertility of the two soils was evaluated by the research on the growth, biomass, leaf nutrient and soil nutrient of the seedlings. The results showed that the contents of total nitrogen and available nitrogen in the pure Betula platyphylla forest were significantly higher than those in the pure forest of Larix gmelinii (P <0.05), and the contents of total phosphorus, total potassium, available phosphorus (P <0.05) .In the first year of potted plantation, the height, diameter and biomass of birch seedlings on pure Betula platyphylla soil were increased by 69%, 52% And 65%, respectively (P <0.05), and larch seedlings increased by 12%, 8% and 37%, respectively (P> 0.05) .When the Betula platyphylla soil was used as substrate, And the phosphorus concentration was lower than that of the pure forest of Larch.The birch had a large amount of litter and decomposition speed, the larch had an activation effect on soil phosphorus, resulting in high availability of soil nitrogen and pure soil of pure Larch Phosphorus content is higher.It is speculated that when the two species mixed, soil nitrogen and phosphorus complement each other It may have a beneficial effect on the yield stands.