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目的分析引起产后盆底肌力异常的相关影响因素。方法进行问卷调查(自编)、手诊检查、盆底肌力检测,选择产后42d在和平区妇女儿童保健中心进行盆底功能检查的单胎初产妇587例,进行统计分析。结果 239例为阴道分娩组(对照组)产妇的盆底肌力异常的发生率为48.12%,348例为剖宫产组(观察组)发生率为37.93%;组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。另外产妇既往体重指数超出正常范围以及有漏尿、脏器脱垂者的盆底肌力与各种表现正常的产妇相比,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论不同分娩方式均可使初产妇产后早期盆底肌力发生不同程度的下降,剖宫产的影响小于阴道分娩。产后发生盆底肌力异常的危险因素有分娩方式、体质指数等。产妇体质指数越高,其盆底肌力相应越差。存在盆底功能障碍临床症状(漏尿、脱垂膨出、慢性盆腔痛)的产妇,其盆底肌力相应越弱。
Objective To analyze the influencing factors of abnormal pelvic floor muscle strength caused by postpartum. Methods A total of 587 singleton primiparous women who underwent pelvic floor examinations at the Heping District Women and Children Health Center after 42 days of postpartum were selected for questionnaire survey (self), hand examination and pelvic floor muscle strength test. Results 239 cases of vaginal delivery group (control group) the incidence of pelvic motility abnormalities was 48.12%, 348 cases of cesarean section (observation group) the incidence was 37.93%; the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P <0.05). In addition, the previous maternal body mass index beyond the normal range and leakage of urine, pelvic organ prolapse were various performance and normal pelvic mothers, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Different modes of delivery can reduce the postpartum early postpartum pelvic floor muscle strength to varying degrees, cesarean section less than vaginal delivery. Postpartum pelvic floor muscle abnormalities have risk factors of mode of delivery, body mass index. The higher maternal body mass index, the corresponding lower pelvic floor muscle strength. The existence of clinical symptoms of pelvic floor dysfunction (leakage of urine, prolapse prolapse, chronic pelvic pain) of the mother, the pelvic floor muscle strength corresponding weaker.