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目的鉴定2013年山东省济宁市1例霍乱疫情的分离菌株,掌握其耐药性及病原学特征。方法患者水样便、锅具涂抹物等样本经増菌培养后接种平板进行分离培养,对分离出的3株疑似菌落进行革兰染色镜检、O1/O139群血清凝集实验、生化鉴定、PFGE分型及毒力基因、耐药相关基因及耐药性检测。结果从患者水样便和锅具涂抹物分离的3株菌均为O139群霍乱弧菌,PFGE条带相似度为100%,与2005年济宁1株O139群霍乱菌株相似度为93.3%。3株菌均含有hlyA、ctxAB、toxR、tcpI、rtxA、tcpA毒力基因和intI1、intI4、sxt耐药基因,均对复方新诺明、卡那霉素及多西环素耐药。结论此次霍乱疫情为环境中长期存在的O139群霍乱弧菌污染锅具引起,毒力和耐药性均较强。
Objective To identify a strain of cholera epidemic in Jining City, Shandong Province in 2013, and to identify its drug resistance and etiological characteristics. Methods The samples of water samples and pot applicator were purified by inoculation and then plated on the plates for isolation and culture. The three suspected colonies isolated from the samples were examined by Gram stain, O1 / O139 serum agglutination test, biochemical identification, PFGE Typing and virulence genes, resistance-related genes and drug resistance testing. Results The three isolates isolated from water samples of patients and pot applicators were Vibrio cholerae O139. The similarity of PFGE bands was 100%. The similarity to the strains of cholera O139 in Jining was 93.3% in 2005. All three isolates contained hlyA, ctxAB, toxR, tcpI, rtxA and tcpA virulence genes and intI1, intI4 and sxt resistance genes, all of which were resistant to cotrimoxazole, kanamycin and doxycycline. Conclusions The cholera epidemic was caused by the long-standing O139 Vibrio cholerae contamination pot in the environment with strong virulence and drug resistance.