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氟是人体必需的14种微量元素之一,也是人体组成成分之一。人体氟大部分来源于每天摄入的食品和水。氟具有显著的防龋作用,氟化物防龋技术得到了WHO和许多国家口腔界权威机构的推荐,已在世界范围内广泛应用。但是,不适当地使用氟化物可引起多种不良反应,如恶心、呕吐等,过量的氟还可引起氟牙症、氟骨症。在近年来的龋病研究中,普遍认为釉质中的氟含量可作为一项指标用于指导临床防龋和评价氟化物的防龋效果,其含量测定的研究正越来越受到人们的重视。Hotz等(1970)首先用釉质活检技术(enamel biopsy,EB)测定釉质氟含量。EB一般采用高氯酸(Perchloric acid,HClO_4)作用于釉质表面,使之溶解,用所获之酸蚀溶液分析氟元素的含量。此方法可用动物或人的离体牙或体内牙作标本。本文就EB测定釉质氟含量在防龋研究中的应用作一综述。 釉质活检技术 釉质活检的部位及面积 用浮石打磨釉质表面去除釉质表面的唾液薄膜,然后清洗、吹干。用打孔钻在一黏胶纸带上打一个直径1～3mm的圆孔。将黏胶纸带粘贴在牙表面,用银汞磨光器压实纸带的小孔边缘,圆孔所暴露的釉窗即为活检部位,圆孔的面积即为活检面积。在釉窗表面滴
Fluorine is one of the 14 trace elements essential to the human body and is also one of the components of human body. Most of the human body fluoride comes from daily intake of food and water. Fluoride has a significant anti-caries effect. Fluoride anti-caries technology has been recommended by the WHO and many national authorities in the oral sector and has been widely used in the world. However, improper use of fluoride can cause a variety of adverse reactions, such as nausea, vomiting, etc., excessive fluoride can also cause dental fluorosis, skeletal fluorosis. In recent years, caries research, it is generally accepted that fluoride content in enamel can be used as an indicator to guide the clinical caries prevention and evaluation of the anti-caries effect of fluoride. The determination of its content is receiving more and more attention. Hotz et al. (1970) first enamel biopsy (enamel biopsy, EB) determination of enamel fluoride content. EB generally uses perchloric acid (HClO_4) on the surface of the enamel to make it dissolve, and the resulting acid solution is used to analyze the content of fluorine. This method can be used animals or human teeth isolated or in vivo as a specimen. This article reviews the application of EB in enamel fluoride in the study of the prevention of dental caries. Enamel Biopsy site and area of enamel biopsy Enamel surface with pumice stone to remove saliva film enamel surface, and then cleaned and dried. Drill holes in a tape on a diameter of 1 ~ 3mm with a perforated drill. Adhesive tape will be pasted on the tooth surface, with a mercury mercury polisher compacting the edge of the hole, the glaze window is exposed biopsy site, the hole area is the biopsy area. Drops on the glazed window surface