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目的探讨婴幼儿化脓性脑膜炎(以下简称化脑)的临床特点及误诊的原因。方法对1995年1月~2004年12月本院收治的216例1d~3y的化脑婴幼儿进行回顾性分析。结果216例化脑患儿有以下临床特点:年龄愈小其临床表现愈不典型,误诊率亦愈高,尤其易与呼吸道和消化道疾病相混淆。3岁以上儿童,化脑的症状多数典型,起病急,常有高热、头痛、呕吐、嗜睡甚至昏迷或惊厥,脑膜剌激征阳性。结论对患儿病情做全面分析并进行诊断性腰穿可排除或证实化脑,降低化脑的误诊率。
Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of infantile purulent meningitis (hereinafter referred to as the brain) and misdiagnosis reasons. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 216 infants aged 1 to 3 years admitted to our hospital from January 1995 to December 2004. Results 216 cases of brain children have the following clinical features: the younger the younger the clinical manifestations of the more typical, the higher the rate of misdiagnosis, especially easily confused with respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases. Children over the age of 3, the most typical brain symptoms, acute onset, often high fever, headache, vomiting, lethargy and even coma or convulsions, meningeal irritation sign positive. Conclusion The comprehensive analysis of the condition of children and the diagnosis of lumbar puncture can exclude or confirm the brain, reduce the misdiagnosis rate of the brain.