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地理事物相互联系示意图中,有一种是用文字框图和线条箭头构成的,这类图能简明、概括地表现地理事物之间的相互联系。一般包括天体系统图、货流图、流程图、环境要素相关图等。如下图:有些地理事物相互联系示意图比较抽象、复杂,学生不容易找出其中的相互关系,感觉有点像“迷宫”。阅读这类示意图,关键是要读出各要素间的相互联系、因果关系。一般判读方法是:①识别所表示的是何种因素的地理事物联系过程;②注意根据图中箭头方向、线段的纵横关系等提取信息;③弄清事物的形成或变化过程,判断各因素之间的因果联系;④掌握模式图内地理要素的地位、作用,以及要素之间相互联系与制约的关系。除了以上介绍的一般方法外,具体的题目也有具体的解题技巧。例1:下图是某山区“人-地关系”模式图(图1)。请读图回答:
One of the schematic diagrams of interconnected geo-physical objects is composed of text blocks and line arrows, which can concisely and concisely show the interconnection between geographical objects. Generally include celestial system diagram, cargo map, flow chart, environmental elements such as related maps. As shown below: Some geographical things are interconnected Schematic diagram is more abstract and complex, students can not easily find out the relationship between them, feels a bit like “maze ”. The key to reading such schematics is to read out the interrelationships and causal relationships between the various elements. The general method of interpretation is: ① identify the factors that are represented by the geographical process of contact; ② attention according to the direction of the arrow in the figure, the vertical and horizontal lines extracted information; ③ clarify the formation or change of things process to determine the various factors Between the causal relationship; ④ grasp the status of the geographical elements of the pattern, role, as well as the relationship between elements and the relationship between the constraints. In addition to the general methods described above, the specific topics also have specific problem-solving skills. Example 1: The following figure is a mountainous area “man - ground relationship ” mode diagram (Figure 1). Please read the diagram to answer: