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本文报道了用VA菌根真菌地表球囊霉(Glomus epigaeus)对30天苗龄的‘先锋’葡萄组培苗在移栽同时进行人工接种的技术和生长效应。接种20天后,幼苗根皮层细胞内出现有丛枝结构,6周后形成大量的泡囊。菌根感染率达90％。接种35天后的组培苗,平均苗高、根径(幼苗茎基部直径,下同)和每株叶面积比不接种的对照分别大42.8％、7.6％和62.9％,经t检验差异显著(P<0.01或 P<0.001)。接种45天后的组培苗移栽到大田生长二个月后的结果表明,其苗高、根径和叶面积比不接种的对照分别大29.2％、21.7％和18.2％,经t检验差异性均显著(P<0.05)。植物化学分析结果表明,接种VA菌根的植株叶部含糖量比对照为高,对葡萄霜霉病(Plasmopara viti-cola)感病也较严重。但由于葡萄苗木前期生长健壮,叶面积大,所以苗木生长量仍比不接种的对照要大。
This paper reports the technical and growth effects of the VA mycorrhizal fungi Glomus epigaeus on artificial inoculation of the ’Pioneer’ grape seedlings of 30-day seedling age while transplanting. After 20 days of inoculation, there was a bundle structure in the root cortex cells of the seedlings, and a large number of vesicles formed after 6 weeks. Mycorrhizal infection rate of 90%. After 35 days of inoculation, the tissue culture seedlings were 42.8%, 7.6% and 62.9% larger than the non-inoculated control, respectively, with average seedling height, root diameter (stem base diameter of seedlings, the same below) P <0.01 or P <0.001). The result of transplanting of tissue culture seedlings 45 days after inoculation to the field for two months showed that the seedling height, root diameter and leaf area were 29.2%, 21.7% and 18.2% larger than the non-inoculated control respectively. All were significant (P <0.05). The results of phytochemical analysis showed that the leaf sugar content of VA mycorrhizal plants was higher than that of the control, and the susceptibility to Plasmopara viti-cola was more serious. However, due to vigorous early growth of grape seedlings, leaf area, so the growth of seedlings is still larger than the non-vaccinated control.