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航空相机在进行拍照时,通常采用45°扫描反射镜绕光轴摆扫或步进,进行多行迹摆扫式拍照,以增大对地面景物的观测范围,但当扫描镜绕光轴旋转对物体进行观测时,物体反射像也将绕轴进行旋转,目标相对探测器(CCD)产生了像旋转.通过运用光线矢量与光轴旋转变换的方法,建立了相机的数学模型.根据该模型,针对扫描反射镜旋转所产生的像旋转,利用光学矩阵建立了扫描镜转角与像旋转角之间的关系,对比各种消除像旋方法的优缺点,提出了采用扫描镜与像面旋转机构同步旋转结合的方法实现消除像旋,为工程设计提供了必要参考.“,”When taking pictures with an aerial camera, in order to enlarge its observation area on ground, an usual method is to sweep or step a 45° scanning mirror around the optical axis of camera, which is called sweeping manner. However, while the scanning mirror rotates around optical axis and object is observed, its reflected image rotates around the axis and the target image rotation relative to detector (CCD) occurs. Through ray vector and rotation transform of optical axis, the mathematical model of the camera was established. Based on the model, the relationship between the scanning mirror rotation angle and image rotation angle was found with optical matrix for the image rotation due to scanning mirror rotation. Compared the advantages and disadvantages of various methods for eliminating image rotation, the method with synchronous rotation mechanism of scanning mirror and image plane was proposed. It can provide engineering design with a necessary reference.