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一般认为,露天开采方法是最先进最经济的开采方法。因此,从战争年代起,露天开采所占比重不断增加。例如,在1970～1988年期间,苏联煤炭开采总量增加23％,露天开采量增加一倍多。70％～80％的黑色和有色金属矿石以及大部分化工矿山原料和非金属矿产,都是用露天方法开采的。之所以出现这种情况,是因为露天开采方法的经济指标大大优于地下开采方法。如
It is generally accepted that open pit mining is the most advanced and economical method of mining. Therefore, the proportion of open-pit mining has been increasing since the war years. For example, during the period from 1970 to 1988, total coal mining in the Soviet Union increased by 23% and open-pit mining more than doubled. Seventy to eighty percent of the ferrous and non-ferrous ores, as well as most of the chemical raw materials and non-metallic minerals, are mined in the open air. The reason for this is that the economic indicators of surface mining methods outperform underground mining methods. Such as