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糖尿病肾病(DN)是糖尿病的一种严重并发症,也是晚期肾脏疾病的一个重要原因,约占肾脏疾病的1/3.胰岛素依赖型糖尿病(IDDM)患者约30%发展为DN,非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病(NIDDM)患者约4%～20%发展为DN.由于NIDDM的发病率较IDDM高,因此两种类型DN患者数量极为相近.目前国外临床研究显示,DN发生率有逐年下降的趋势,这与早期预防和及时治疗有密切的关系.近年来有关DN的发病机制及防治措施有较大进展,现将这些新理论及防治措施介绍如下.
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious complication of diabetes and is also an important cause of advanced kidney disease, accounting for about 1 / 3. Kidney disease in about 30% of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) developed DN, non-insulin dependent Approximately 4% to 20% of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) develop DN.Due to the high incidence of NIDDM compared with IDDM, the number of patients with both types of DN is very similar.At present, clinical studies in foreign countries show that the incidence of DN declines year by year, This is closely related to early prevention and timely treatment.In recent years, the pathogenesis of DN and prevention and treatment measures have made great progress, now these new theories and prevention measures are as follows.