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目的对某院住院治疗的180例毛细支气管炎患儿进行长期随访,对其中可能是发展为哮喘的影响因素进行分析。方法对该院住院治疗的180例毛细支气管炎患儿临床资料进行回顾性分析,所有患儿均随访5年。对性别、家族史、免疫球蛋白、喂养方式、吸入激素、过敏体质及被动吸烟可能是发展为哮喘的影响因素进行Logistic回归分析。结果 180例患儿中共有35例发展为哮喘,发生率为19.4%。单因素分析结果显示:哮喘患儿与非哮喘患儿在家族史、免疫球蛋白、喂养方式、吸入激素、过敏体质及被动吸烟方面差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05);多因素分析结果显示:家族史、过敏体质及被动吸烟是毛细支气管炎患儿发展为哮喘的风险因素。母乳喂养、吸入激素、免疫球蛋白的使用是保护因素。结论家族史、过敏体质及被动吸烟是毛细支气管炎患儿发展为哮喘的风险因素,临床上给予母乳喂养、吸入激素及免疫球蛋白的治疗可减少哮喘的发生。
Objective To investigate the long-term follow-up of 180 cases of bronchiolitis hospitalized in a hospital and analyze the possible influencing factors which may be the development of asthma. Methods The clinical data of 180 cases of bronchiolitis hospitalized in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. All children were followed up for 5 years. Logistic regression analysis of the factors influencing the development of asthma was gender, family history, immunoglobulins, feeding patterns, inhaled hormones, allergies and passive smoking. Results A total of 35 out of 180 children developed asthma with a rate of 19.4%. The results of univariate analysis showed that there was a significant difference in family history, immunoglobulin, feeding mode, inhaled hormones, allergic constitution and passive smoking between children with and without asthma (P <0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that : Family history, allergies and passive smoking are risk factors for the development of asthma in children with bronchiolitis. Breastfeeding, inhaled hormones, the use of immunoglobulins is a protective factor. Conclusion Family history, allergy and passive smoking are risk factors for the development of asthma in children with bronchiolitis. Clinically, breast-feeding, inhaled hormone and immunoglobulin therapy can reduce the incidence of asthma.