我国常态化防控阶段的新型冠状病毒肺炎本土疫情流行特点和防控经验

• 作 者: 周燕 肖建鹏 胡建雄 钟豪杰 张倩 谢欣珊 何冠豪 容祖华 詹建湘 马文军
• 机 构: 南方医科大学公共卫生学院，广州 510515;广东省公共卫生研究院，广州 511430;广东省疾病预防控制中心，广州 511430;暨南大学基础医学与公共卫生学院，广州 510632
• 出 处: 中华流行病学杂志
• 发表日期: 2022年4期
• 关键词: COVID-19 Routine prevention and control Local epidemics

当前新型冠状病毒肺炎（新冠肺炎）仍在全球流行，我国疫情防控长期面临“外防输入、内防扩散”的压力。进入常态化防控阶段后，我国陆续发生多起新冠肺炎本土疫情，大部分为零星散发，少部分发生聚集或暴发。冬、春季是疫情高发季节，边境和口岸城市是高发区，重点人群主动监测是疫情早发现的有效途径。通过采取一系列综合防控措施，包括大规模核酸筛查、追踪隔离密切接触者、分类管理风险地区和人群、增加社交距离和严格出行管理等，大部分新冠肺炎本土疫情均较快得到有效控制，为我国疫情防控积累了宝贵的经验，但是一系列聚集性疫情的发生，暴露出我国当前疫情防控存在不足，本文为今后的疫情防控提出了建议。“,”The COVID-19 pandemic is still ongoing in the world, the risk of COVID-19 spread from other countries or in the country will exist for a long term in China. In the routine prevention and control phase, a number of local COVID-19 epidemics have occurred in China, most COVID-19 cases were sporadic ones, but a few case clusters or outbreaks were reported. Winter and spring were the seasons with high incidences of the epidemics; border and port cities had higher risk for outbreaks. Active surveillance in key populations was an effective way for the early detection of the epidemics. Through a series of comprehensive prevention and control measures, including mass nucleic acid screening, close contact tracing and isolation, classified management of areas and groups at risk, wider social distancing and strict travel management, the local COVID-19 epidemics have been quickly and effectively controlled. The experiences obtained in the control of the local epidemics would benefit the routine prevention and control of COVID-19 in China. The occurrence of a series of COVID-19 case clusters or outbreaks has revealed the weakness or deficiencies in the COVID-19 prevention and control in China, so this paper suggests some measures for the improvement of the future prevention and control of COVID-19.