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我国是一个农业大国,“三农问题”历来被党和政府所重视,因此我们必须对农村和农民有深入的了解。笔者深入重庆和临沂的农村通过访谈的形式展开调研,着重了解农民的真实人生经历,并从他们的经历中窥探农村的发展变迁及现状。古稀之年的冷爷爷所处的重庆农村是较为典型的空心村,本文通过对冷爷爷的访谈展现了城市化冲击下西部空心村青壮年流失、老幼妇孺留守的现状。退休不久的解先生所处的临沂农村是市场化的农村,本文通过对解先生的访谈展现了东部农村的变迁及现状。两位老人都饱经岁月洗礼,他们的人生经历都折射出了农村的时代变迁,而通过他们两人的对比也可以展现出我国东西部的差异,这些都是本文要展示给读者的。
Our country is a big agricultural country and the issue of agriculture, farmer and agriculture has always been valued by the party and the government. Therefore, we must have a thorough understanding of the rural areas and peasants. In-depth interviews with rural areas in Chongqing and Linyi, I conducted research in order to understand the real life experience of peasants, and from their experience to peep rural development and the status quo. In the sentimental year, the cold grandfather in Chongqing rural is a typical hollow village. Through the interview with cold grandfather, this paper shows the loss of young and middle-aged hollow village in the western city under the impact of urbanization, and the status quo of the elderly and young women staying behind. Linyi’s rural area, where Mr. Xie retired soon, is a market-oriented rural area. This article shows the changes and current status of rural areas in eastern China through interviews with Mr. Xie. Both old people are well-versed in years of baptism. Their life experiences all reflect the changes of the times in the countryside. By comparing the two of them, they can also show the differences between eastern and western China. These are all the topics that this article should show to the readers.