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目的了解海口市老年人生存质量现状及其影响因素。方法采用整群抽样的方法,随机抽取海口市60岁及以上老年人436人。采用SF-36量表对其生存质量进行测量。用TOPSIS法及多重线性回归分析进行分析。结果用TOPSIS法与国内同类研究比较,海口市老年人生存质量最优,其他依次为广州市、苏州市、沈阳市、天津市。多重线性回归分析结果显示生命质量的影响因素为慢性病、体育锻炼、年龄、子女的生活状况。患慢性病老年人生命质量低于无慢性病者,经常参加体育锻炼者生命质量高于偶尔或不参加者、年龄越大老年人生命质量越差,子女生活状况越好的老年人生命质量越高。结论海口市老年人生存质量较优。影响老年人生命质量的主要因素为慢性病、体育锻炼、年龄、子女的生活状况。因此建立与健全社会保障体系及加强慢性病的防治等综合性措施对提高老年人生命质量具有极其重要的意义。
Objective To understand the current situation of quality of life of the elderly in Haikou and its influencing factors. Methods The method of cluster sampling was used to randomly select 436 elderly people aged 60 and over in Haikou city. The quality of life was measured using the SF-36 scale. TOPSIS method and multiple linear regression analysis. Results Compared with similar studies in China, the quality of life of the elderly in Haikou City was the best. The others were Guangzhou, Suzhou, Shenyang and Tianjin. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the factors influencing the quality of life were chronic diseases, physical exercise, age and children’s living conditions. Older people with chronic diseases have lower quality of life than those without chronic diseases. The quality of life of those who regularly take part in physical exercise is higher than that of the non-participants or the participants. The older the worse the quality of life is and the higher the quality of life is. Conclusion The quality of life of the elderly in Haikou is better. The main factors affecting the quality of life of the elderly are chronic diseases, physical exercise, age, children’s living conditions. Therefore, to establish and improve the social security system and to strengthen the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases and other comprehensive measures to improve the quality of life of the elderly is extremely important.