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目的对兔肝脏及其附属管道进行应用解剖学研究。方法对20只日本大耳兔分别进行活体和离体形态学观察,制作门静脉和肝静脉管道铸型标本观察其分支与走行,测定各肝叶质量及其所占肝脏百分比。结果兔肝肝裂明显,依据肝叶形态、肝裂走行和门静脉主干分支形式将兔肝脏分为五叶,分别为尾状叶、左外叶、左中叶、右中叶、右外叶,各肝叶质量分别为(g):3.93±1.13、15.93±3.50、14.83±3.31、15.08±4.34、12.08±3.55。左中叶和右中叶根部肝组织融合,其余各肝叶相对独立,尾状叶包括相对独立的乳头突和尾状突两部分。各肝叶有相对独立的Glisson系统和肝静脉走行于肝蒂内。结论兔肝解剖学特点与多数哺乳类实验动物肝脏解剖相似,同时又具有其自身特点,适合于肝脏外科疾病动物模型的制作。
Objective To study the applied anatomy of rabbit liver and its affiliated pipelines. Methods Twenty adult Japanese white rabbits were observed morphologically in vivo and in vitro respectively. The portal vein and hepatic vein were cast to observe their branches and stents. The quality of liver and the percentage of liver were determined. Results The hepatic fissure of rabbit liver was obvious. According to the shape of hepatic lobe, the path of hepatic fissure and the main branch of portal vein, the rabbit liver was divided into five lobes, namely caudate lobe, left outer lobe, left middle lobe, right middle lobe, right outer lobe, The leaf weights were (g): 3.93 ± 1.13,15.93 ± 3.50,14.83 ± 3.31,15.08 ± 4.34,12.08 ± 3.55, respectively. The left middle and right middle lobe liver tissue fusion, the rest of the liver lobe relatively independent, caudate lobe, including relatively independent papillae and caudate process in two parts. Each lobe has a relatively independent Glisson system and hepatic veins running in the liver pedicle. Conclusions The anatomy of rabbit liver is similar to the liver anatomy of most mammalian experimental animals, and has its own characteristics at the same time. It is suitable for the animal model of liver surgical diseases.