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今年3月14日是爱因斯坦诞辰125周年纪念日,上海5位专家学者聚会《文汇》,重温这位科学巨匠的科学思想以及他对教育和社会发展的卓越见解。没有广义相对论就没有现代宇宙学从1917年爱因斯坦第一篇关于宇宙学的论文发表以来,这套理论已经历了约一个世纪,但是他的宇宙学的那套理论仍然被物理学家和天文家广泛采用,这是很不容易的。苏汝铿(复旦大学物理系教授):我们知道,在20世纪初,开尔文指出在物理学晴朗的天空中有“两朵乌云”。他所说的第一朵乌云,导致后来相对论的产生;第二朵乌云,导致了量子论的出现。20世纪末,李政道教授在复旦大学的一个报告会上指出,21世纪也有类似的“四朵乌云”:一朵是暗物质;一朵是类星体的能源;第三朵是看不见的夸克;第四朵是为什么会出现不守恒。1999年,特别是微波各向异性探测器(WMAP)上天之后,新的实验观测使得在宇宙学领域中出现了几大重要发现。其一,有确凿的证据表明宇宙不仅在
March 14 this year is the 125th anniversary of Einstein’s birthday. Five experts and scholars from Shanghai gathered at Wenhui to review the scientific thinking of this scientific masters and his excellent views on education and social development. There is no modern cosmology without general relativity This theory has been around for about a century since Einstein’s first essay on cosmology was first published in 1917, but his theory of cosmology is still being used by physicists and Astronomers widely adopted, this is not easy. Su Rukeng (Professor, Department of Physics, Fudan University): We know that in the early 20th century, Kelvin pointed out that there are “two dark clouds” in the skies of physics. He said the first dark clouds, leading to the emergence of later relativity; second dark clouds, led to the emergence of quantum theory. At the end of the 20th century, Professor Li Zhengdao pointed out at a report conference of Fudan University that there are similar “four dark clouds” in the 21st century: one is a dark matter; the other is a quasar’s energy; the third is an invisible quark ; The fourth is why there will be non-conservation. In 1999, especially after the Microwave Anisotropy Detector (WMAP) was put on the sky, new experimental observations led to several major discoveries in cosmology. First, there is solid evidence that the universe is not only there