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背景:军事训练中肌腱损伤和肌腱功能紊乱经常发生,但肌腱疾病准确的流行病学、病理生理以及愈合、修复机制尚不清楚,慢性肌腱功能紊乱引起疼痛的原因也有待研究。目的:评价强化训练对士兵踝关节肌力以及跟腱横截面积的影响,找到合适的快速提高体能的训练方法。设计:单一样本的分组对照。单位:解放军第四军医大学;解放军第一五○医院全军军事训练医学研究所。对象:实验于2004/03-06在解放军第一五○医院全军军事训练医学研究所进行。随机挑选新兵和常规训练1年的士兵各30名,均为男性,作为新兵组和老兵组。入伍年龄为17～18岁,入伍前均无参加专业体育训练史,无踝关节受伤史,均能承受正常的体能训练。方法:新兵组参加正常的体能训练(如投弹、5km越野跑等),同时进行踝关节背伸、跖屈的强化训练。具体为:提踵50次;在45°弧形仰卧起坐板上仰卧起坐50次。每项训练2次/d,持续8周。老兵组参加日常的体能训练。分别对训练前、训练8周后的新兵和老兵进行踝关节肌力等速测试和跟腱横截面积测量。主要观察指标:新兵训练前与强化训练8周后及老兵跟腱横截面积的比较和踝关节肌力的变化。结果:60名士兵全部进入结果分析。跟腱横截面积与体质量呈偏相关(r=0.446,P=0.015),训练前后跟腱横截面积无明显变化。训练后新兵和老兵的踝关节跖屈、背伸、外翻的相对峰力矩、耐力、力矩加速能等指标明显大于训练前的新兵(P<0.05),训练后的新兵和老兵之间无明显差异。结论:强化训练能在短期内快速促进体能储备;训练前后跟腱截面积无明显变化提示踝关节力量提高不是通过肌腱肥大实现的,可能与肌腱的内部改建有关。
BACKGROUND: Tendon injury and tendon dysfunction often occur in military training. However, the exact epidemiology, pathophysiology, healing and repair mechanism of tendon diseases are still unclear. The causes of pain caused by chronic tendon disorders have yet to be studied. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of intensive training on muscle strength of ankle joint and cross-sectional area of Achilles tendon, and to find a suitable training method for rapidly improving physical fitness. Design: grouping of single samples. Unit: PLA Fourth Military Medical University; People’s Liberation Army No. 150 Hospital Military Training Institute of Medicine. PARTICIPANTS: The experiment was conducted at the PLA Military Training Institute of Medicine, No. 150 Hospital of PLA, from March 03, Thirty randomly selected recruits and one year of regular training each were men, both recruits and veterans. Enrollment age 17 to 18 years old, before entering the army did not participate in professional sports training history, history of ankle injury, can withstand normal physical training. Methods: Recruits to participate in normal physical training (such as bombing, 5km trail running, etc.), while ankle dorsiflexion, plantar flexion training. Specifically: mention heel 50 times; 45 ° arc sit-up board sit-ups 50 times. Each training 2 times / d, for 8 weeks. Veterans group to participate in daily physical training. The ankle muscle force constant velocity test and Achilles tendon cross-sectional area measurement were performed on the recruits and veterans who were trained before training and after training for 8 weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Comparison of cross sectional area of veterans with Achilles tendon and muscle strength of ankle before recruiting 8 weeks training with intensive training. Results: All 60 soldiers entered the result analysis. The cross-sectional area of Achilles tendon was positively correlated with body weight (r = 0.446, P = 0.015). There was no significant change in the cross-sectional area of Achilles tendon before and after training. Training and veterans ankle plantar flexion, dorsiflexion, eversion of the relative peak torque, endurance, torque acceleration and other indicators were significantly greater than the training before the recruits (P <0.05), after the training of recruits and veterans no significant difference. CONCLUSION: Intensified training can quickly promote physical fitness in a short period of time. There is no significant change in cross-sectional area of Achilles tendon before and after training. It indicates that the improvement of ankle strength is not achieved by tendon hypertrophy, which may be related to the internal reconstruction of tendon.