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航天飞机的计算机系统为航天飞机轨道器的电子控制系统提供星上数据处理能力。它将完成制导、导航和控制所需的数据处理、有效载荷的处理和管理以及性能监视等功能。该系统由五台互联的但又相互独立的通用计算机组成,以满足容错、任务划分和功能隔离等全部电子系统的要求。每台通用计算机由一个中央处理单元和一个输入/输出处理机组成,前者完成与应用程序有关的所有计算任务,后者控制计算机与航天飞机其它分系统之间的信息传送。本文将讨论航天飞机计算机系统的功能、特点、机械设计和运行。
Shuttle’s computer system provides spacecraft data processing capabilities for the shuttle’s electronic control system. It will perform the data processing, payload processing and management, and performance monitoring required for guidance, navigation and control. The system consists of five interconnected but separate general purpose computers to meet the requirements of all electronic systems such as fault tolerance, task demarcation and functional isolation. Each general purpose computer consists of a central processing unit and an input / output processor. The former performs all computing tasks related to the application, and the latter controls the transfer of information between the computer and other subsystems of the space shuttle. This article will discuss the functions, features, mechanical design and operation of the Space Shuttle computer system.