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目的通过分析无锡市惠山区2008—2012年度结核病疫情,了解该地区肺结核病流行特征,为制定下一步防控措施、降低肺结核病发病率提供科学依据。方法对2008—2012年无锡市惠山区肺结核病例统计监测资料进行整理并利用SPSS 13.0、Microsoft Excel软件进行流行病学、统计学分析。结果惠山区年均活动性肺结核登记率为39.07/10万,新涂阳登记率为16.19/10万。患者中男性病例975例,患病率为27.21/10万;女性425例,患病率为11.86/10万;男性肺结核患病率明显大于女性,差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.401,P<0.05)。除0~4岁组其余均有发病,其中15~24岁、25~34岁、35~44岁组病例数较多,占发病总数的57.21%。患者以农民、民工为主,共计988例,占活动性肺结核总数的70.57%。洛社、堰桥、钱桥等外来务工人员较多的地区,患者发现例数相对较多。全年各月均有发病,无明显季节性差异,11、12、1月份病例数较少。结论该区活动性结核患者以从事体力劳动的男性青壮年为主,根据结核病发病特点有针对性地采取防治措施才能更为有效的控制结核病传播流行。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis in Huishan District of Wuxi City from 2008 to 2012, and to provide a scientific basis for the next prevention and control measures to reduce the incidence of tuberculosis. Methods The surveillance data of tuberculosis cases in Huishan District of Wuxi City from 2008 to 2012 were collected and analyzed by using SPSS 13.0 and Microsoft Excel software for epidemiological and statistical analysis. Results The average registration rate of active tuberculosis in Huishan District was 39.07 / 100,000 and the registration rate of new smear was 16.19 / 100000. There were 975 male cases with a prevalence of 27.21 / 100 000; 425 were women, with a prevalence of 11.86 / 100 000; the prevalence of tuberculosis in men was significantly greater than that in women (χ2 = 6.401, P < 0.05). In addition to the 0 to 4-year-old group were the remaining incidence, of which 15 to 24 years old, 25 to 34 years old, 35 to 44 years old group more than the number of cases, accounting for 57.21% of the total number of cases. The patients were peasants and migrant workers, accounting for 988 cases, accounting for 70.57% of the total. Los clubs, weir bridge, Qianqiao and other migrant workers more areas, the number of patients found relatively large. There was morbidity in all months of the year, with no obvious seasonal differences. There were fewer cases in January, December and January. Conclusion Active tuberculosis patients in this area are mainly male and young adults engaged in manual labor. According to the characteristics of tuberculosis, targeted prevention and treatment measures can effectively control the spread of tuberculosis.