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目的对新疆阿拉山口口岸地区蜱类进行Q热立克次体核酸检测。方法采集蜱样本并进行形态学和分子生物学鉴定。聚合酶链反应扩增Q热com1基因,通过Blast软件比对分析测序产物,利用Mega 6.0软件构建分子遗传进化树。结果共采集253只蜱,其中优势蜱种为亚洲璃眼蜱,蜱类的形态学鉴定与分子生物学鉴定结果一致。阿拉山口口岸地区蜱携带Q热立克次体核酸平均阳性率为16.21%(41/253),亚洲璃眼蜱阳性率为22.65%(41/181),血红扇头蜱、短垫血蜱和边缘革蜱均为阴性,亚洲璃眼蜱显著高于其他蜱种。序列分析显示与Coxiella burnetii Cb175_Guyana(HG825990,圭亚那)进化关系较近,核苷酸同源性为99%。结论阿拉山口口岸地区亚洲璃眼蜱在16S rRNA和COⅠ基因序列间存在多样性,并首次在中哈边境地区亚洲璃眼蜱中检测到Q热立克次体核酸。
OBJECTIVE: To detect Q-fever Rickettsia nucleic acids in ticks in Alashankou Port, Xinjiang. Methods Ticks were collected and identified by morphology and molecular biology. Polymerase chain reaction amplification Q hot com1 gene, Blast software comparison analysis of sequencing products, the use of Mega 6.0 software to build molecular genetic tree. Results A total of 253 ticks were collected. Among them, the dominant tick species was Asian blue-eye ticks, and the morphological identification of ticks was consistent with that of molecular biology. The average positive rate of tick-carrying Q fever Rickettsia nucleic acid was 16.21% (41/253) in Alashankou port area, 22.65% (41/181) in Asian tick eye ticks, Edge leather ticks were negative, Asian eye ticks were significantly higher than other ticks. Sequence analysis showed a close evolutionary relationship with Coxiella burnetii Cb175_Guyana (HG825990, Guyana) with a nucleotide homology of 99%. Conclusion The diversity of 16S rRNA and COⅠ gene sequences in the Asian blue eye on Alashankou Port was detected. For the first time, Q hot-rickettsial nucleic acids were detected in Ornithoptera maculata in the border region of China and Kazakhstan.