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目的了解某医院分离的1 508株非发酵菌种类分布及其耐药性,为合理选用抗菌药物提供依据。方法采用回顾性调查方法,对某医院临床分离的非发酵菌分布情况进行统计分析。结果该医院从住院患者送检标本中共分离出非发酵菌1 508株,铜绿假单胞菌720株,占47.7%;鲍曼不动杆菌287株,占19.0%;嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌103株,占6.8%。非发酵菌分离标本来源痰液占48.6%,灌洗液占19.8%。临床分离的非发酵菌普遍耐药,以嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌耐药情况最严重,对所试验的13种抗菌药物中的10种耐药率都达到100%;铜绿假单胞菌对复方新诺明和氯霉素全部耐药。结论该医院临床分离非发酵菌以铜绿假单胞菌为主,应加强监测;非发酵菌耐药严重,呈现多重耐药趋势,应严格管控临床抗菌药物的使用。
Objective To understand the distribution and drug resistance of 1 508 non-fermentative bacteria isolated in a hospital and provide a basis for rational use of antibacterial drugs. Methods The retrospective investigation method was used to analyze the clinical distribution of non-fermentative bacteria in a hospital. Results A total of 1 508 strains of non-fermentative bacteria, 720 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, accounting for 47.7%, 287 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii, accounting for 19.0% of the total inpatients. The Stenotrophomonas maltophilia 103 strains, accounting for 6.8%. Non-fermentative bacteria isolated from sputum samples accounted for 48.6%, 19.8% lavage fluid. The clinical isolates of non-fermentative bacteria are generally resistant to Stenotrophomonas maltophilia the most serious resistance to the tested 13 kinds of antibacterial drugs in 10 of the rate of 100%; Pseudomonas aeruginosa pairs Cotrimoxazole and chloramphenicol are all resistant. Conclusion The clinical isolates of non-fermentive bacteria in the hospital are mainly Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which should be monitored intensively. The non-fermentative bacteria are highly drug-resistant and show a multidrug-resistant trend. The use of clinical antibiotics should be strictly controlled.