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目的分析南昌市农村饮用水水质卫生状况,为行政部门制订干预措施提供科学依据。方法分别于2009年枯水期(3~4月)及丰水期(7~8月)采集水样,按照标准方法进行检测、评价、分析。结果合格率为100%的指标分别为:色度、总硬度、硫酸盐、氯化物、臭和味、溶解性总固体、耗氧量、氨氮、砷、氟化物;超标率较高的指标分别为:总大肠菌群(50.76%)、耐热大肠菌群(33.33%)及菌落总数(21.97%)、浑浊度(11.36%)、PH值(24.24%)。分散式供水水样浑浊度、PH值、总大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群超标率大于集中式供水水样(P<0.05);集中式供水水样菌落总数超标率大于分散式供水(P=0.034)。结论我市农村饮用水卫生仍然存在较多问题,尤其以微生物污染为重,而水源管理不当及消毒工作未有效开展是导致农村饮用水微生物超标的主要原因,因此,应加强饮用水水源管理及消毒工作。
Objective To analyze the sanitary status of drinking water quality in rural areas in Nanchang and provide a scientific basis for the administrative departments to formulate intervention measures. Methods Water samples were collected during the dry season (March to April) and wet season (July to August) in 2009, and tested, evaluated and analyzed according to standard methods. The results of the pass rate of 100% indicators were: color, total hardness, sulfate, chloride, odor and taste, total dissolved solids, oxygen consumption, ammonia nitrogen, arsenic, fluoride; The total coliforms (50.76%), heat-resistant coliform (33.33%) and the total number of colonies (21.97%), turbidity (11.36%), PH value (24.24%). The turbidity, PH value, total coliforms and heat-resistant coliform bacteria in the distributed water samples were higher than those in the centralized water samples (P <0.05). The over-standard rate of total water samples in centralized water samples was higher than that in distributed water samples = 0.034). Conclusion There are still many problems in drinking water hygiene in rural areas of our country, especially microbial pollution. However, inappropriate management of water sources and inadequate disinfection work are the main reasons leading to excessive drinking water in rural areas. Therefore, we should strengthen the management of drinking water sources and Disinfection work.