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用具有一定柱头外露率的籼稻广亲和温敏不育系培矮 6 4S作不育基因供体亲本 ,用太湖稻区具有优良农艺性状 ,但不具备柱头外露性状的丰产单季晚粳品种作不育基因受体亲本 ,考察其后代特别是F2 柱头外露率的分离表现。同时在选择具有可靠不育性和优良综合性状的前提下 ,选择具有一定柱头外露率的不育株 ,并逐代选育以达到育成柱头外露率较高的粳稻不育系新品种的目的。研究结果表明 ,水稻柱头外露率的遗传表现有两个明显特点 :(1)分离世代中籼型 (含偏籼 )群体的柱头外露率高于粳型 (含偏粳 )群体 ;(2 )光 (温 )敏不育性状对柱头外露率具有促进作用。由于高外露率植株农艺性状普遍不佳 ,而导致此类不育株入选率较低。分离世代粳稻柱头外露率4 0 %的中低值区发生频率相对较高 ,因此粳稻核不育系柱头外露率的适度改良是可行的
A broad-leaved and thermo-sensitive male sterile line Pei’ai 6 4S with some stigma exsertion rate was used as male sterile donor, and the high yielding single season late japonica rice variety with good agronomic traits in the rice paddy region of Taihu, but without stigma- Male sterile gene receptor parents were used to investigate the segregation of their stigma exsertion rates. At the same time, we selected sterile plants with a certain stigma exsertion rate and selected one generation to achieve the goal of breeding new CMS lines with higher stigma exsertion rate under the premise of selecting reliable sterility and good comprehensive traits. The results showed that there are two distinct characteristics of the genetic expression of stigma exsertion rate in rice: (1) stigma exsertion rate of medium indica (including indica) (Warm) sensitive male sterile traits have a promoting effect on the stigma exsertion rate. Due to the generally poor agronomic traits of plants with high rates of exposure, the rate of selection of such sterile plants is low. The occurrence frequency of stigma exsertion rate of 40% in isolated japonica rice was relatively high, so it was feasible to moderately improve stigma exsertion rate of japonica CMS lines.