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为研究中国莱姆病螺旋体的生物媒介———蜱的种类、带菌状况及在传播莱姆病中的作用 ,采用布旗法和动物诱捕法在山林地区采集蜱 ,进行分类鉴定 ,应用直接荧光抗体染色法查蜱中肠带菌率 ,BSK培养基分离病原体 ,单克隆抗体鉴定菌株。调查蜱叮咬率与人群莱姆病感染率、患病率以及蜱的季节消长与莱姆病慢性游走性红斑 (ECM )病例发生的季节性关系。在全国 2 0个省 (市、区 )共采集到170 0 0多只蜱 ,分属为 2科 8属 2 3种 ,蜱类分布的地区差异较大 ,北方林区以全沟硬蜱为优势种 ,南方则以二棘血蜱和粒形硬蜱为优势种。 9种蜱的中肠携带莱姆病螺旋体 ,其带菌率以全沟硬蜱、二棘血蜱和粒形硬蜱为高 ,分别为 2 0 .0 0 %～ 4 5.0 0 %、16.0 0 %～ 4 0 .0 0 %和 2 4 .0 0 %。从 8种蜱分离出 10 8株莱姆病螺旋体 ,其单克隆抗体反应与美国B31菌株有明显的差异 ,绝大多数中国菌株对H6831呈阴性反应。蜱叮咬率高的人群 ,莱姆病的感染率和患病率也高。全沟硬蜱的季节消长与ECM发生的季节性相一致。证实多种蜱的中肠内携带莱姆病螺旋体 ;我国北方林区莱姆病螺旋体的主要生物媒介是全沟硬蜱 ,南方林区二棘血蜱和粒形硬蜱是重要的生物媒介。
In order to study the biological vectors of Borrelia burgdorferi, tick species, fungistasis status and its role in the transmission of Lyme disease, we collected ticks in mountain and forest areas by cloth flagging method and animal trapping method, and classified them by direct fluorescence Antibody staining method tick tick midgut rate, BSK culture medium to isolate pathogens, monoclonal antibodies identified strains. Investigate the seasonal relationship between tick bite rate and population Lyme disease prevalence, prevalence and the seasonal fluctuation of ticks and the occurrence of chronic migratory erythema (ECM) in Lyme disease. A total of more than 170 0 ticks were collected in 20 provinces (cities and districts) of the country, belonging to 23 species, 2 families, 8 genera and 23 species. The distribution of ticks varied greatly in different regions. In the northern region, The dominant species, south of two thorns and Ixodes tilapia as the dominant species. The nine species of ticks carried Borrelia burgdorferi in the midgut, with the highest rates of infecting ticks, Ichthyophthis ticks and Ixodes ricinus, which ranged from 20.0% to 45.0% and 16.0% ~ 40.0.0% and 24.0%. Isolation of 8 strains of Lyme disease from eight species of ticks showed a significant difference between the monoclonal antibody response and the strain B31 in the United States. Most Chinese strains were negative for H6831. People with high tick bite rates also have a high prevalence and prevalence of Lyme disease. The seasonal dynamics of Ixodes latipes coincide with the seasonal occurrence of ECM. Confirmed that a variety of ticks in the midgut carrying Lyme disease spirochetes; the northern part of our country forest Lyme disease spirochete is the main biological medium Ixodes Ixodes, southern forest twiddling tick and Ixodes scab is an important biological medium.