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目的通过社区中老年人群的眼病体检分析,探讨如何做好眼病防治工作以及社区医生应关注的眼病问题。方法北京西城平安医院眼科对自2009年12月至2010年11月期间的社区中的560例40岁以上中老年人进行眼病体检,将本组中560例中老年人分为40～<50,50～<60,60～<70以及≥70岁四个年龄组,分析影响中老年人视力的主要眼病以及在各年龄段的分布状况。结果在本组的560例体检患者中,白内障检出率为55%,40～<50,50～<60,60～<70以及≥70岁四个年龄组比较(χ2=82.476,P<0.01),白内障随年龄的增长呈现出上升趋势,70岁以上者显著增加,具统计学意义。青光眼患者检出率为0.7%,40～<50,50～<60,60～<70,≥70岁组比较(χ2=7.431,P>0.05),随年龄增长无显著性差异,不具统计学意义。视网膜动脉硬化检出率为5%;玻璃体混浊检出率为2.5%;糖尿病网膜病变检出率为1.8%;黄斑变性检出率为0.7%;视神经萎缩检出率为0.3%。本组对70岁以下及70以上老年人的眼压进行比较显示,70岁以上眼压显著低于70岁以下人群,具有统计学意义。结论老年性白内障随年龄的增长呈现出上升趋势,是影响中老年人群视力的最主要眼病。
Objective To analyze the eye disease examination of the middle-aged and elderly people in the community and discuss how to prevent and treat the eye disease and the eye diseases that the community doctor should pay attention to. Methods The ophthalmology of Beijing Xicheng Ping’an Hospital performed ophthalmological examinations on 560 elderly people over the age of 40 in the community from December 2009 to November 2010, and divided 560 middle-aged and elderly people in this group into 40 ~ 50, 50 ~ <60,60 ~ <70 and ≥70 years old age group, analyze the main eye diseases affecting the eyes of the elderly and the distribution in all age groups. Results Among 560 physical examination patients in this group, the detection rates of cataract were 55%, 40 ~ 50, 50 ~ 60, 60 ~ 70 and ≥70 years old (χ2 = 82.476, P <0.01) ), Cataracts showed an upward trend with age, significantly increased over the age of 70, with statistical significance. The detection rate of glaucoma patients was 0.7%, 40 ~ <50,50 ~ <60,60 ~ <70, ≥70 years old group (χ2 = 7.431, P> 0.05), with no significant difference in age, significance. The detection rate of retinal atherosclerosis was 5%, the detection rate of vitreous opacity was 2.5%, the detection rate of diabetic retinopathy was 1.8%, the detection rate of macular degeneration was 0.7% and the detection rate of optic nerve atrophy was 0.3%. The group of 70 years of age and 70 years of age or older were compared intraocular pressure showed that 70 years of age was significantly lower than the IOP of 70 years of age, with statistical significance. Conclusion Senile cataract shows an upward trend with age, which is the most important eye disease affecting middle-aged and elderly people’s eyesight.