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1、引言 人们经常争辩说,乌拉圭回合的一个重要成就(特别是对发展中国家来说是一个重要成就)是加强关贸总协定的纠纷解决机制和法律监督机制。现在,纠纷解决程序已成为一个更加自行运作的法律程序。它大大地减少让纠纷案件当事人参与阻挠设立专门审查小组和接受诉讼文书的机会。贸易政策考察机制已成为世贸组织的核心部分。人们期望它终究能够大大提高世贸组织成员国政策的透明度。许多观察家都持有这样的一个观点:作为这些创新结果,发展中国家将更有能力去确认他国行为确已潜在地违犯世界组织的承诺,从而以对它们有利的方式去解决贸易纠纷。
1. Introduction It is often argued that one of the major achievements of the Uruguay Round, especially for developing countries, is the strengthening of the dispute settlement mechanism and legal oversight mechanisms of the GATT. Dispute resolution procedures have now become a more self-governed legal process. It greatly reduces the chances of parties involved in dispute cases obstructing the establishment of a specialized review panel and acceptance of litigation instruments. The trade policy inspection mechanism has become a core part of the WTO. It is hoped that it will, after all, greatly enhance the transparency of the policies of WTO member countries. Many observers hold the view that, as a result of these innovations, developing countries will be more able to confirm that the conduct of other countries has indeed been a potential violation of the commitments of the world organizations in order to resolve trade disputes in a way that is favorable to them.