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目的:浅析尿液微量蛋白在糖尿病肾脏损伤早期诊断的意义。方法:采用免疫比浊法检测336例糖尿病患者尿液中尿微量白蛋白(MA),转铁蛋白(TRU),免疫球蛋白G(IgU)和α1-微球蛋白(A1M)。结果:尿蛋白阴性的糖尿病患者MA,TRU,IgU,A1M较正常对照组升高(P<0.001)。尿蛋白阳性的糖尿病患者MA,TRU,IgU,A1M较尿蛋白阴性糖尿病患者显著升高(P<0.001)。其中仅单独检测,或者检测MA,TRU,IgU,A1M中的任意两项指标诊断肾脏损伤阳性率较低,不到70%;而将这四项指标同时检测阳性率可达93.4%。结论:同时检测尿MA,TRU,IgU,A1M是早期诊断肾脏损伤的灵敏、可靠的指标。
Objective: To analyze the significance of urine microalbumin in the early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy. Methods: The urine microalbumin (MA), transferrin (TRU), immunoglobulin G (IgU) and α1-microglobulin (A1M) in 336 patients with diabetes mellitus were detected by immunoturbidimetry. Results: The levels of MA, TRU, IgU and A1M in urinary protein-negative diabetic patients were significantly higher than those in normal controls (P <0.001). Urinary protein-positive diabetic patients MA, TRU, IgU, A1M were significantly higher than those with urinary protein-negative diabetes (P <0.001). Among them, the detection rate of any two of MA, TRU, IgU and A1M alone was lower than 70%, but the positive rate of these four indexes was 93.4%. Conclusion: Simultaneous detection of urine MA, TRU, IgU and A1M is a sensitive and reliable indicator for the early diagnosis of renal injury.