论文部分内容阅读
父子互隐的言论表明,孔子主张伦理的有限性或“消极伦理”。这种“消极伦理”否定特定情况下的伦理原则,给予诸如基于亲情和友情的行为以优先权。从古希腊悲剧《安提戈涅》看,作为伦理学两种最重要替代品的“爱”与“法律”是两种“非道德”(amoral)状态。在谈论儿子对待偷羊的父亲的态度时,孔子的道德不是道德主义意义上的道德,而正是这种非道德。在儒家看来,所有美德都根植于孝弟之类的非道德因素,即根植于一种情感。儒家“有限的”或“消极的伦理”不仅适用于中国,而且具有普世性。
The reluctance of father and son to make remarks indicates that Confucius advocated the limited ethics or “negative ethics”. Such “negative ethics” denies the ethical principles in a particular context and gives priority to acts such as affection and friendship. From the ancient Greek tragedy “Antigone”, “love” and “law” as the two most important substitutes of ethics are two kinds of “amoral” states. In talking about his son’s attitude toward the stealing sheep’s father, Confucius’s morality is not ethical in the moral sense, and it is this non-morality. In the eyes of Confucianism, all virtues are rooted in non-moral factors such as filial piety, which are rooted in an emotion. Confucianism “limited” or “negative ethics” applies not only to China, but also to the world.