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“剪刀差”理论,主要从价格关系入手,考察工农业产品交换的实际状况及其对于工农业生产发展的影响。价格是价值的表现形式,离开了商品的价值,对于商品交换的价格关系就不能从本质上加以把握。“剪刀差”的实质是一种经济关系,是商品生产历史阶段工农业产品不等价交换这一特殊经济关系在理论上的概括。具体地说,它是以工业品的价格高于其价值和农产品价格低于其价值为内容的不等价交换关系。“剪刀差”存在的社会经济根据,主要有两点,一是交换中工农业双方经济技术水平相差悬殊,二是由社会经济原因形成的垄断。“剪刀差”存在于已有高度发展的资本
“Scissors ” theory, mainly from the price relationship to examine the actual situation of industrial and agricultural products exchange and its impact on industrial and agricultural production and development. Price is the manifestation of value, leaving the value of the commodity, the price relationship of commodity exchange can not be grasped essentially. The essence of “scissors difference” is an economic relationship, which is a theoretical summary of the special economic relationship in which the industrial and agricultural products are not equivalently exchanged in the historical stage of commodity production. Specifically, it is based on the unequal exchange of the prices of industrial products over their value and the prices of agricultural products below their value. There are two main points in the socio-economic basis for the existence of “scissors difference.” First, there are great disparities in the economic and technological levels between the industrial and agricultural sectors of the exchange. Second, monopolies formed by socio-economic causes. “Scissors ” exists in the already highly developed capital