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川北地区是我国食管癌的高发区之一，其主要流行特征是具有家族聚集性。为进一步探讨遗传因素、环境因素及组织易感性在我区家族性食管癌发病中的作用，作者对我院近１６年来收治的１９６例有癌性家族史的食管癌病例进行了随访调查分析，结果表明：本组病例发病高峰年龄为５０～６０岁，以农民患者为主，占６８．９％，有直接血缘关系者占８９．５％，喜食淹酸菜或熏腊肉、口腔卫生差以及遗传因素在发病原因中占有不可忽视的地位。为降低食管癌的发病率，应注重优生学，养成良好的卫生习惯，提高防癌意识等。
Northern Sichuan is one of the high-risk areas of esophageal cancer in China. Its main epidemic feature is family clustering. In order to further explore the role of genetic factors, environmental factors and tissue susceptibility in the pathogenesis of familial esophageal cancer in our district, the authors conducted follow-up investigation and analysis of 196 cases of cancerous family history of esophageal cancer admitted to our hospital in the past 16 years. The results showed that the onset peak age was 50 to 60 years in this group of patients, mainly farmers, accounting for 68.9%, direct blood relationship accounted for 89.5%, like eating sauerkraut or smoked bacon, poor oral hygiene and Genetic factors play an important role in the pathogenesis. In order to reduce the incidence of esophageal cancer, we should pay attention to eugenics, develop good hygiene habits, and increase awareness of cancer prevention.