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骨髓间充质干细胞是存在于骨髓中的除造血干细胞以外的另一类具有“无限”增殖和多向分化潜能的干细胞。在一定的诱导条件下,这类细胞可定向分化为各胚层来源组织,特别是中胚层和神经外胚层来源的组织细胞。例如成骨细胞、成软骨细胞、脂肪细胞、腱细胞、肌肉细胞和神经细胞等。骨髓间充质干细胞具有贴壁生长的特性,在体外易分离和扩增,还易于外源基因的转入和表达,在人类医学上被认为是一种理想的治疗性细胞和基因治疗中的靶细胞。本文针对骨髓间充质干细胞的研究进展和在临床学上的应用进行综述。
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells are another type of stem cells that have “unlimited” potential for proliferation and multidrug differentiation in addition to hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow. Under certain inducing conditions, such cells can be directionally differentiated into tissues of each germ layer, especially mesoderm and neuroectodermal derived tissue cells. Such as osteoblasts, chondroblasts, adipocytes, tendons, muscle cells and nerve cells. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells have the characteristics of adherent growth, easy separation and amplification in vitro, but also easy to foreign gene transfer and expression in human medicine is considered to be an ideal therapeutic cells and gene therapy Target cells. In this paper, the research progress of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and its clinical application are reviewed.