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目的探讨早期干预对妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)患者认知程度和母婴妊娠结局的影响。方法根据随机数字表法,将120例GDM孕妇随机分为对照组和治疗组,各60例,对照组采用常规健康教育和必要时胰岛素药物治疗,而治疗组则采用干预疗法;比较两组患者干预后的认知程度、孕产妇并发症、围产儿并发症等。结果治疗组的控制饮食、适量运动、血糖测量、坚持治疗、对孕产妇危害、对围产儿危害等认知程度水平均明显高于对照组(P<0.05);治疗组的妊娠高血压综合征、羊水过多、产后出血、剖宫产等发生率均明显低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗组的早产儿、巨大儿、新生儿低血糖、新生儿窒息、高胆红素血症等围产儿并发症发生率均明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 GDM孕妇早期进行干预,控制妊娠期血糖水平,可明显提高对疾病的认知程度,降低母婴并发症发生率,改善母婴妊娠结局。
Objective To investigate the effect of early intervention on the degree of cognitive impairment and maternal and fetal pregnancy outcome in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods According to the random number table method, 120 GDM pregnant women were randomly divided into control group and treatment group, 60 cases in each group. The control group received routine health education and insulin medication when necessary, while the treatment group received intervention therapy. After the intervention of cognitive level, maternal complications, perinatal complications. Results The level of cognitive control in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P <0.05). The incidence of pregnancy-induced hypertension (Hypertension syndrome) , Polyhydramnios, postpartum hemorrhage, cesarean section were significantly lower than the control group (P <0.05); treatment group of premature children, macrosomia, neonatal hypoglycemia, neonatal asphyxia, hyperbilirubinemia Perinatal complications were significantly lower than the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion GDM pregnant women intervene in the early stage to control the blood glucose level during pregnancy, which can significantly improve their cognition of the disease, reduce the incidence of maternal and infant complications and improve the pregnancy outcome of pregnant women and infants.