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目的评价3日龄大鼠缺氧缺血后制备脑室周围白质软化(PVL)模型的可行性。方法 130只体质量6.5～10.5 g 3日龄SD大鼠,随机分为实验组(70只)和对照组(60只)。实验组大鼠结扎右侧颈总动脉,术后予以60 mL.L-1氧气、940 mL.L-1氮气混合气体处理4 h。对照组仅分离右侧颈总动脉,不予结扎和缺氧处理。实验组死亡14只,对照组死亡4只。术后12 h、24 h、48 h、72 h、7 d、14 d及28 d各组处死8只大鼠,观察脑组织的病理变化、缺氧缺血前后及术后28 d动物行为改变,并测量术后不同时点体质量变化。结果实验组缺氧缺血中及缺氧缺血完成后均有行为异常表现,体质量增长明显慢于对照组(P<0.05)。实验组缺氧缺血后12 h起可见脑细胞形态异常变化、细胞器结构异常变化甚至凋亡、坏死;7 d可见胼胝体变薄;14 d可见少突胶质细胞减少,胞体萎缩;28 d可见髓鞘萎缩,稀疏,有坏死灶。实验组28 d悬吊试验、斜坡试验均较对照组减退(t=15.535 7、4.719 0,P<0.01、0.05)。结论新生3日龄大鼠作单侧颈总动脉结扎加低氧4 h的处理可以成功制作PVL模型。
Objective To evaluate the feasibility of periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) model after 3 days hypoxia and ischemia in rats. Methods One hundred and thirteen SD rats with body weight of 6.5-10.5 g at 3 days were randomly divided into experimental group (n = 70) and control group (n = 60). In the experimental group, the right common carotid artery was ligated and the rats were treated with 60 mL.L-1 oxygen and 940 mL.L-1 nitrogen for 4 h. The control group only isolated the right common carotid artery, not ligation and hypoxia. The experimental group died 14, the control group died 4. Eight rats were sacrificed at 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 7 d, 14 d and 28 d after operation. The pathological changes of brain were observed. The animal behavior was observed before and after hypoxia-ischemia , And measured body mass changes at different time points. Results The hypoxia - ischemia and hypoxia - ischemia in the experimental group both had abnormal behavior, and the body weight gain was significantly slower than that of the control group (P <0.05). In the experimental group, the morphological changes of brain cells were observed 12 h after hypoxia-ischemia, and the organelle structure changed abnormally even apoptosis and necrosis. The corpus callosum thinned on day 7, oligodendrocyte decreased and cell body atrophy was observed on day 14 and 28 d Myelin atrophy, sparse, necrotic lesions. The 28-day suspension test and the slope test of the experimental group decreased compared with the control group (t = 15.535 7, 4.7919, P <0.01, 0.05). Conclusion Newborn 3-day-old rats can be successfully made PVL model by unilateral carotid artery ligation plus hypoxia for 4 h.