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痛风是由嘌呤代谢异常，致使尿酸合成增加而导致的一种代谢性疾病。痛风不但会给患者带来痛苦，也会增加家庭的经济负担，因此对于痛风的预防就显得尤为重要。性别、年龄、种族和遗传等是痛风不可改变的风险因素，其中遗传因素是痛风的一个重要因素，全基因组关联分析已经发现了28个基因与血清尿酸水平相关，这些基因中的大部分是痛风的高风险基因，鉴别高危人群并给予相应的指导有一定的临床意义。“,”Gout is a metabolic disease of increased synthesis of uric acid caused by purine metabolism abnormality.Gout not only brings pain to the patients,but also increases the economic burden of the families. Therefore,knowledge of gout prevention is particularly important.Gender,age,ethnicity and genetic factors are the immutable risk factors of gout,and the genetic factor is the most important.Genome-wide association studies analysis have found 28 genes associated with serum uric acid levels,most of which are high risk gout gene,and identifying these high-risk populations and giving them appropriate guidance are of great clinical significance.