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目的了解新疆喀什市维吾尔族初中生营养状况及其与生活方式的联系,为提高维吾尔族初中生身心健康发展提供理论支持。方法在喀什市随机整群选取4所初中学校,在每所学校各年级中随机抽取3个教学班级,抽中班级的全体11~13岁维吾尔族学生作为调查对象,共36个班级的874名维吾尔族中学生。采用健康促进生活方式问卷进行调查,并在保健所获取学生体检数据,对其结果进行统计分析。结果喀什市维吾尔族初中生营养不良检出率为5.26%,超重为16.59%,肥胖为18.54%;维吾尔族男生的营养不良检出率(4.80%)低于女生(5.77%),差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.41,P>0.05)。维吾尔族营养正常与营养不良、超重、肥胖学生生活方式总分相比差异均无统计学意义(t值分别为1.313,1.234,0.246,P值均>0.05)。维吾尔族初中生BMI值与生活方式中的饮食营养维度呈正相关(r=0.171),与体力活动和健康意识呈负相关(r值分别为-0.216,-0.262),均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。结论初中生超重、肥胖发生率较高,营养状况异常与健康意识、饮食营养和体育锻炼有关联。在制定学生营养状况干预计划时,必须充分考虑生活方式的特点。
Objective To understand the nutritional status of Uighur junior high school students in Kashgar, Xinjiang and their relationship with life style, and to provide theoretical support for improving the healthy development of Uighur junior high school students. Methods Four junior high schools were randomly selected in Kashgar City. Three teaching classes were randomly selected for each grade in each school. Uyghur students from 11 to 13 were selected as the survey subjects. A total of 874 students in 36 classes Uighur middle school students. The questionnaires of health promotion life style were used for investigation, and the physical examination data of students were obtained from health centers, and the results were statistically analyzed. Results The prevalence rate of malnutrition among Uighur junior middle school students in Kashgar was 5.26%, overweight was 16.59%, and obesity was 18.54%. The prevalence of malnutrition among Uighur boys was lower than that of girls (4.77%) (5.77%) Significance (χ2 = 0.41, P> 0.05). There was no significant difference in the total score of nutritional status, malnutrition, overweight and obesity among Uighur students (t = 1.313, 1.234 and 0.246, P> 0.05). The Uygur junior high school students had a positive correlation with dietary nutrition in lifestyle (r = 0.171), negative correlation with physical activity and health awareness (r = -0.216, -0.262, respectively), both of which were statistically significant (P All <0.05). Conclusions Junior high school students are overweight and have a high incidence of obesity. Abnormal nutritional status is associated with health awareness, diet nutrition and physical activity. When formulating a plan to intervene in the nutritional status of students, the characteristics of lifestyles must be fully considered.