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重度新生儿窒息纠正缺氧和酸中毒是使新生儿复苏的关键.气管插管后有效地加压给氧是复苏中首要一环.正压给氧开始使肺泡扩张的压力一般要求40～50cmH_2O(3.92～4.9kPa),肺扩张后维持在15～20cmH_2O(1.47～1.96kPa).如压力大于4.9kPa 易造成肺泡破裂或气胸,压力过低肺泡不易有效扩张而影响气体交换.控制压力有两种方法:①定压控制,以前用水柱压力表,目前少见,近几年应用小儿呼吸器或呼吸机,但目前广大中小型医院很难普及.②多数靠手挤压气囊控制供氧压力,往往压力偏高导致新生儿严重并发症肺泡破裂、张力性气胸.1年多来我们采用改进后加压装置供氧效果较好.其方法为在气囊前接一个三通接头,三通另二端,一端接血压表盘,一端接气管导管,中间有导管接头
Severe neonatal asphyxia correct hypoxia and acidosis is the key to the recovery of newborns.Effectively pressurized oxygenation after tracheal intubation is the first part of recovery.Pressure of oxygen to start the expansion of the alveolar pressure generally require 40 ~ 50cmH_2O (3.92 ~ 4.9kPa), maintained at 15 ~ 20cmH2O (1.47 ~ 1.96kPa) after lung expansion .If the pressure is greater than 4.9kPa, it can easily cause alveolar rupture or pneumothorax, the pressure is too low, the alveolar is not easy to effectively expand and affect gas exchange. Kinds of methods: ① constant pressure control, previously used water column pressure gauge, is currently rare, the application of pediatric respirators or ventilators in recent years, but the majority of small and medium-sized hospitals is difficult to popularize. ② Most hand squeeze the balloon to control oxygen pressure, often High pressure led to serious complications of neonatal alveolar rupture, tension pneumothorax more than a year we use improved pressurized device oxygen is better. The method is in front of a balloon tee, the other two ends , One end of the blood pressure dial, one end of the tracheal tube, catheter connector in the middle