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结构鉴定,作为在原子和分子尺度上探索物质的科学和艺术,在本科课程中发挥着越来越重要的作用。本文我们提出一个最近在西南科技大学开展的本科物理化学实验课程。通过典型的晶体材料的结构和X射线衍射图形的例子,让本科生学习鉴定固体材料的晶体结构。这个实验课程为本科生提供了引导式的实践经验与科学研究的前沿,同时展示了X射线粉末衍射技术在结构解析中的巨大应用,加强了本科生对基本物理原理与仪器技术的理解。
Structural identification, as an exploration of matter and science at the atomic and molecular scales, is playing an increasingly important role in undergraduate curricula. In this paper, we present a recent undergraduate physico-chemical experiment course at Southwestern University of Science and Technology. Through typical examples of crystal structure and X-ray diffraction patterns, undergraduates learn to identify the crystalline structure of solid materials. This experimental course provides undergraduates with leading-edge practical experience and cutting-edge scientific research. It also demonstrates the tremendous application of X-ray powder diffraction in structural analysis and reinforces undergraduates’ understanding of basic physics and instrumentation.