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目的:探讨住院分娩者母乳喂养干预措施,提高纯母乳喂养率。方法:将2009年1月～2010年12月平顶山市妇幼保健院妇产科收治的3 230例孕妇随机分为两组,干预组1 960例孕妇,对照组1 270例孕妇。干预组孕产妇由乳腺科医生到产科对其查房并进行干预;所有产妇出院后1月、2月分别进行母乳喂养状况随访调查。结果:干预前干预组孕妇乳房总异常率为9.29%,对照组为7.56%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.92,P=0.09);干预后干预组和对照组母乳喂养有信心者分别为96.53%和77.64%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=283.28,P<0.01);产后2组乳房不适率分别为15.97%和39.76%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=230.72,P<0.01);干预组产妇泌乳时间明显短于对照组(P<0.01),泌乳量大于对照组(P<0.01);住院期间纯母乳喂养率干预组为95.20%,对照组为86.54%,产后1个月分别为93.67%和80.47%,产后2个月分别为91.58%和70.47%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:母乳喂养干预措施可行,能显著提高母乳喂养率。
Objective: To explore breastfeeding interventions in hospital delivery and improve the rate of exclusive breastfeeding. Methods: From January 2009 to December 2010, 3 230 pregnant women in the obstetrics and gynecology department of Pingdingshan Maternal and Child Health Hospital were randomly divided into two groups: 1 960 pregnant women in the intervention group and 1 270 pregnant women in the control group. Intervention group maternal from maternity to obstetrics on their ward rounds and intervene; all mothers discharged January, February were breast-feeding status follow-up survey. Results: Before intervention, the total breast maternal abnormal rate was 9.29% in the intervention group and 7.56% in the control group, with no significant difference (χ2 = 2.92, P = 0.09). The intervention group and the control group had confidence in breast- 96.53% and 77.64%, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 283.28, P <0.01). The rate of breast discomfort in postpartum two groups was 15.97% and 39.76% respectively, with statistical significance (χ2 = 230.72, P <0.01). The lactation time of the intervention group was significantly shorter than that of the control group (P <0.01), and the amount of lactation was more than that of the control group (P <0.01); exclusive breast-feeding rate during hospitalization was 95.20% in the intervention group and 86.54% in the control group 93.67% and 80.47%, respectively. The two months postpartum were 91.58% and 70.47% respectively, with statistical significance (P <0.01). Conclusion: Breastfeeding interventions are feasible and can significantly improve breastfeeding rates.