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苏维埃体系解体之后,原苏维埃共和国之间森林管理的分歧变得明显。在波罗的海国家的林业部门已经发生根本变化的时候,俄罗斯却没能形成一个能适应社会-生态恢复力先决条件的制度框架。本文认为,可持续发展需要一种能够具有适应和学习能力,因而能够以实验的方式对政策不断地进行评估和再调整的制度框架。但是,这需要有参与机制,我们相信波罗的海国家在这方面正在走出一条更有希望的路子。最后,得出结论,只有建立了可持续的制度框架,社会-生态恢复力才能成为前共产主义国家自然资源管理的重要特征。
After the disintegration of the Soviet system, the differences in forest management between the former Soviet republics became obvious. At a time when the fundamental changes have taken place in the forest sector in the Baltic countries, Russia has failed to form a institutional framework that can meet the prerequisites for socio-ecological resilience. This paper argues that sustainable development requires an institutional framework that has the ability to adapt and learn so that policies can be continually evaluated and readjusted in an experimental way. However, this requires a mechanism of participation, and we believe the Baltic countries are moving out of a more promising path in this regard. Finally, we conclude that only by establishing a sustainable institutional framework can socio-ecological resilience be an important feature of natural resource management in pre-communist countries.