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本文按空间有限元法,用SAP-5结构分析程序、自编的FEMRC程序及APPLI- CON CAD应用软件包中的GRAFEM程序,分析了国内外两座水电站工程的钢筋混 凝土蜗壳及蜗壳外围混凝土结构的应力及变形分布规律。通过与结构力学模型计算成果 的比较,论证了工程设计中通常按“г”型刚架作配筋设计能满足工程要求,且有较大 的安全储备;在垂直荷载及内水压力作用下,蜗壳内产生环向拉应力,环向配筋是必要 的;分析了空腔对主应力分布的影响;提出了把固定导叶作为弹性支承考虑并用桿单元 模拟的合理的力学模型。在计算分析的基础上,给出了带有规律性的四种结构特性, 即“г”型刚架特性、压胀特性、空腔边界特性、导叶弹性支承特性。上述四种结构特 性,可用来概括混凝土蜗壳应力及变形分布的基本规律。
In this paper, according to the finite element method of space, using SAP-5 structural analysis program, self-compiled FEMRC program and GRAFEM program in APPLI-CON CAD application software package, this paper analyzes the reinforced concrete volute and volute periphery of two hydropower stations at home and abroad Stress and deformation distribution of concrete structures. Through the comparison with the calculation results of the structural mechanics model, it is demonstrated that the design of “г” -type rigid frame as reinforcement design in engineering design can meet the engineering requirements and have a large safety reserve. Under the action of vertical load and internal water pressure, Circumferential tensile stress is generated in the volute, and circumferential reinforcement is necessary. The influence of cavity on the distribution of principal stress is analyzed. A reasonable mechanical model considering fixed guide vane as elastic support and rod element simulation is proposed. On the basis of the calculation and analysis, four structural characteristics with regularity are given, which are the characteristics of “г” -type rigid frame, pressure expansion characteristics, cavity boundary characteristics and guide elastic support. The above four kinds of structural characteristics can be used to summarize the basic rules of the concrete volute stress and deformation distribution.