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在功能染料中,由于苝四酰二亚胺独特的光学及光物理性质,引起了人们广泛重视,但是制备一维苝四酰二亚胺结构尚是一种挑战。合成了二(正丁基)苝四酰二亚胺衍生物,通过对溶剂的选择,用自组装方法得到了其一维微纤结构,FESEM及TEM表明该微纤结构有1 ～2个微米宽,几百个微米长。XRD结果表明其内部结构高度有序。对其机理研究表明,苝四酰二亚胺核之间的π-π堆积和憎溶剂效应以及正丁基较小的空间位阻对微纤的形成起重要作用,由于微纤中苝四酰二亚胺分子的紧密堆积,引起苝四酰二亚胺核强烈的π-π相互作用使得苝四酰二亚胺激发态分子间电荷迁移作用增强,不论是其UV-Vis吸收光谱还是其发光光谱都有较大红移,其光学性能同相应的溶液比较有很大差别。苝四酰二亚胺在维度可控光电器件的应用方面提供了有益的实验数据,使其在光捕集系统、光电电池、场效应晶体管以及发光二级管的应用研究方面可能成为有前途的材料之一。
Among the functional dyes, due to the unique optical and photophysical properties of perylenetetracarimide, it has attracted a great deal of attention. However, it is still a challenge to prepare one-dimensional perylenetetracarimide structures. The di (n-butyl) perylenetetracarimide was synthesized. The one-dimensional microfiber structure was obtained by self-assembly method by selecting the solvent. FESEM and TEM showed that the microfibrous structure had 1-2 micrometers Wide, hundreds of microns long. XRD results show that its internal structure is highly ordered. Studies on its mechanism show that the π-π stacking and antisettling effect between perylenetetracarboxylic diimide nuclei and the steric hindrance of n-butyl play an important role in the formation of microfibrils. Since perylenetetrayl The close packing of the diimine molecules, resulting in the strong π-π interaction of the perylenetetracarboxylic diimide nuclei, enhances the intermolecular charge transfer activity of the perylenetetracarimide imine, whether its UV-Vis absorption spectrum or its luminescence The spectrum has a larger red shift, the optical properties of the corresponding solution is quite different. Perylene tetracarboxylic diimides provide useful experimental data in the application of dimensionally controlled photovoltaic devices, which may be promising in the application research of light trapping systems, photovoltaic cells, field-effect transistors and light-emitting diodes One of the materials.